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Heat Transfer
A major industrial application for titanium is in heat transfer
applications for which the cooling medium is seawater, brackish
water or polluted water. Titanium condensers, shell and tube
heat exchangers, and plate and frame heat exchangers are used
extensively in power plants, refineries, air conditioning systems,
chemical plants, offshore platforms, surface ships and submarines.
Millions of feet of welded titanium tubing are in power plant
condenser service, and there have been no reported failures due
to corrosion on the cooling water side.
DSA-Dimensional Stable Anodes
The unique electrochemical properties of the titanium DSA make
it the most energy efficient unit for the production of chlorine,
chlorate and hypochlorite.
Desalination
Its excellent resistance to corrosion, erosion, and high condensation
efficiency make titanium the cost-effective and dependable material
for critical segments of desalination plants. Increased usage
of very thin walled welded tubing makes titanium competitive
with copper-nickel.
Extraction and Electro-Winning of Metals
Hydrometallurgical extraction of metals from ores in titanium reactors
is an environmentally friendly alternative to smelting processes.
Extended life span, increased energy efficiency and greater product
purity are factors promoting the usage of titanium electrodes
in electro-winning and electro-refining of metals like copper,
gold, manganese and manganese dioxide.
Hydrocarbon Processing
The need for longer equipment life, coupled with requirements for
less downtime and maintenance, favor the use of titanium in heat
exchangers, vessels, columns and piping systems in refineries,
LNG plants and offshore platforms. Titanium is immune to general
attack and stress corrosion cracking by hydrocarbons, hydrogen
sulfide, brines and carbon dioxide.
Marine Applications
Because of high toughness, high strength and exceptional erosion/corrosion
resistance, titanium is currently being used for submarine ball
valves, fire pumps, heat exchangers, castings, hull material
for deep sea submersibles, water jet propulsion systems, shipboard
cooling and piping systems. Chemical Processing Titanium vessels,
heat exchangers, tanks, agitators, coolers, and piping systems
are utilized in the processing of aggressive compounds, like
nitric acid, organic acids, chlorine dioxide, inhibited reducing
acids and hydrogen sulfide.
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